Transitional cell carcinoma in children: report of a case and review of the literature.

Transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of the bladder is a rare condition in the first 2 decades of life, and it occurs nearly 9 times more frequently in males as it does in females. Since 1950, only 100 cases of TCC of the bladder have been reported in patients younger than 21 years.(1) TCC of the bladder in children under 10 years is extremely rare, and by 1983, it was reported in only 17 cases.(2) The aim of this study is to report TCC of the bladder in a 9-year-old girl, who was referred to our institution with a chief complaint of gross hematuria.